[Objective] The dynamics of land use and the evolution of ecosystem service function and value in Naiman Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were studied in order to provide a scientific basis for rational land use and ecological management in this area. [Methods] Based on the land use data of Naiman Banner in 2000, 2010 and 2018, ArcGIS and Envi Classic software were used to calculate the land use dynamic attitude and land use transfer matrix, to analyze the evolution characteristics of land use change and ecosystem services. [Results] ①From 2000 to 2018, the evolution characteristics of land use type in Naiman Banner were dominated by “woodland-water area-sandy land”, that was, the woodland and water area was increased, while the sandy land area was decreased. The forest area increased 312 100 hm², the water area increased 500 hm², while the sand area decreased 142 100 hm². ② In terms of time, the value of ecosystem services showed a trend of “decreasing and increasing”. The value of ecosystem services decreased from 30.507 million yuan in 2000 to 1.915 58 million yuan in 2010 and then increased to 47.285 5 million yuan in 2018. ③ Spatially, the high-value region, the middle-value region and the low-value region of ecosystem services were located in the south, the middle and the north respectively, forming a regional distribution pattern of “high-medium-low”. ④ In terms of ecosystem services, the change in climate regulation was the most obvious, the corresponding service value increased from 8.016 4 million yuan in 2000 to 13.498 5 million yuan in 2018. [Conclusion] From 2000 to 2018, the land use in the study area changed significantly, its cover structure was optimized significantly, and the ecosystem service function and value were also improved.