[Objective] The variation of runoff curve number after the gully land consolidation project (GLCP) was studied to explore the appropriate flow generation parameters, and to provide scientific support for the safety of GLCP and the consolidation of achievements in ecological construction. [Methods] Based on the physical scale model, the influence of GLCP on the runoff curve number under different vegetation cover conditions was investigated. [Results] Under the same vegetation coverage, the runoff curve number decreased with the increase of the land consolidation proportion. Compared with the unconsolidated basin, the runoff curve number decreased by 6.77 when the consolidation proportion was 20%. The decreasing rate of runoff curve number increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of land consolidation proportion, and the decrease rate reached the maximum when the consolidation proportion increased from 0.5% to 5%. Under different vegetation coverage, the runoff curve number decreased with the increase of consolidation proportion, and the decreasing rate of runoff curve number reached the maximum at the vegetation coverage of 50%. Vegetation coverage had great effects on the runoff curve number of the gully land consolidation area, and the runoff curve number decreased by 0.22 in the gully land consolidation area when the vegetation coverage increased by 1%. [Conclusion] The GLCP could change the hydrological characteristics of basin under layer and has significant effects on the runoff curve number.