[Objective] The effects of urban green space landscape pattern on air purification service were studied to provide theoretical guidance for the structural optimization and layout of urban green space landscape. [Methods] Based on the land use data of 2009 and 2019 in the urban area of Anyang City, He’nan Province, the purification efficiency of urban green landscape for SO₂, NO_x and PM₁₀ was measured, and the relationship between landscape configuration and airpurification services was explored from a spatial perspective. [Results] ① The landscape area of urban green space in Anyang City decreased by 3 492.18 hm, mainly for construction land. Shannon’s diversity index, landscape shape index and contagion index changed from 0.572 7, 44.272 1 and 78.98% to 0.875 8, 90.334 5 and 66.88%. ② The service value of air purification at the beginning and the end of the studied period was 565 million yuan and 2.67 billion yuan respectively. The proportion of dust retention function value increased from 97.19% to 99.07%, and the contribution of forestland landscape to the total value increased from 88.99% to 94.54%. ③ The high, medium and low value areas of green landscape air purification service presented a mosaic distribution state, and the low value areas of ecological value were more in the early stage, and the medium and high value areas increased significantly in the late stage. ④ The bivariate moran index of Shannon’s diversity index, landscape shape index, contagion index and air purification service value was 0.281, 0.458 and -0.305 in 2009, while the corresponding value was 0.403, 0.411 and -0.408 in 2019. [Conclusion] The increase of landscape diversity and the complexity of landscape shape could improve the air purification service, while the decreasing spread of green space landscape would inhibit the air purification service.