[Objective] The spatial and temporal variation characteristics of rainfall erosivity were analyzed in order to provide data support for regional soil loss monitoring and soil and water conservation.[Methods] Based on daily rainfall data from 71 rainfall stations in Yimeng Mountain region and its surrounding areas from 1980 to 2018, the temporal and spatial variation trend of rainfall erosivity was analyzed using the daily rainfall formula, M-K test, geostatistical analysis, and so on.[Results] ① Rainfall and erosive rainfall had a moderate monthly concentration (FI>53, CI>0.17), rainfall erosivity had a high monthly concentration (FI=399.88, CI=0.24), and the annual variation curve was unimodal, with the peak occurring from July to August. ② The annual average rainfall in the study area was 744 mm, and the annual average rainfall erosivity was 3 657 MJ·mm/(hm²·h·a), showing a spatial distribution trend of low in the north and high in the south, low in the west and high in the east. ③ The interannual variation of rainfall erosivity was moderate, and the overall trend was not significant. Spatially, there was a significant upward trend in the northwest (z>1.96) and an insignificant downward trend in the south (z<0.05).[Conclusion] The increase in rainfall erosivity will increase the risk of regional soil and water loss. Therefore, comprehensive prevention and control of soil and water loss should be strengthened so as to realize the sustainable development of the ecological environment and economic society.