[Objective] The wind erosion control efficiency of windward and leeward edges of different shelterbelts was compared and analyzed, in order to provide theoretical basis for urban shelterbelt construction, sand control and ecological environment improvement in arid oasis.[Methods] Taking different shelterbelts in the suburbs of Tuokexun County, Xinjiang Wei Autonomous Region as the research area, by observing the near surface wind speed, sand driving wind speed, near surface roughness, sediment discharge, and structure of wind sand flow, a comparative study was conducted on the wind erosion control efficiency of windward and leeward edges of mixed forest 1(68% Populus euphratica + 32% Tamarix chinensis), mixed forest 2(65% Tamarix chinensis + 35% Populus euphratica) and Haloxylon ammodendron forest.[Results] The surface roughness, sand driving wind speed, wind speed profile and wind resistance efficiency of different shelterbelts were different. The roughness of different forest areas were in the decending order as:mixed forest 2(0.569 cm) > mixed forest 1 (0.378 cm) > Haloxylon ammodendron forest 0.123 cm. The sand-blowing wind speed from high to low was as:mixed forest 2 (6.17 m/s) > Haloxylon ammodendron forest (6.02 m/s) > mixed forest 1 (5.98 m/s). The effects of wind erasion control were in the decending order as:mixed forest 2 > mixed forest 1 > Haloxylon ammodendron forest. The sand-blocking efficiency was as:Haloxylon ammodendron forest (48.2%) > mixed forest 2(45.6%) > mixed forest 1(37.1%), the sand-collecting capacity of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm vertical height was higher.[Conclusion] The mixed forest 2 could effectively reduce the wind speed and sediment transport at different vertical heights, and the mixed forest 2 had higher wind erosion control efficiency.