[Objective] The natural capital stocks in Shanxi mining areas were dynamically assessed, in order to provide theoretical basis for the ecological environment protection and ecological compensation for the mining area.[Methods] In terms of natural capital of mining area, and based on the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of the mining area, a three-dimensional ecological footprint model was used to calculate the depth and breadth of the ecological footprint in the Shanxi mining area during 2010-2019. Its dynamic evolution characteristics were further analyzed with the help of the scissors difference between the depth of the footprint and the breadth of the footprint, and then explains the mechanism of the dynamic evolution of the ecological occupation of the mining area.[Results] ① The ecological deficit per capita in Shanxi mining areas increased from 4.40 hm² in 2010 to 6.31 hm² in 2016, and then decreased to 5.02 hm² in 2019. The gap between ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity tends to narrow overall. ② From 2010 to 2019, the breadth of the per capita ecological footprint generally showed a declining trend, from 0.63 hm² to 0.47 hm², and the depth of the per capita ecological footprint showed an inverted U-shaped change trend that first increased and then decreased. ③ The temporal and spatial dynamic evolution of the natural capital stocks for the mining area was the comprehensive effect of multiple factors such as the endowment of coal resources, the scale of mining, the ecological supply and demand of the mining area, the ecological footprint and carrying capacity, the flow of capital, and the depth and breadth of the stock.[Conclusion] The gap between the ecological footprint and carrying capacity in the Shanxi mining area tends to be improved, but the ecological occupation deficit still exists.