[Objective] The effects of vegetation restoration on soil moisture and nutrients were studied, and the type of vegetation restoration that has the best effect on soil water and fertilizer conservation was clarified, in order to provide theoretical basis for the ecological restoration and regional soil erosion control of the feldspathic sandstone area. [Methods] The transition area between exposed feldspathic sandstone and soil-covered feldspathic sandstone in Nuanshui Township, Jungar Banner of Inner Mongolia was selected as the study area, and soils of different artificially restored vegetation and naturally restored grassland in loess-feldspathic sandstone boundary area were taken as the research object. The content of soil water and nutrients were measured, and the effects of different vegetation restoration and soil thickness on the characteristics of moisture and nutrient in the feldspathic sandstone area were analyzed with natural grassland as control. [Results] ① The soil moisture content in the transition zone from exposed feldspathic sandstone to soil-covered feldspathic sandstone was mainly affected by the thickness of loess. The water holding capacity of loess soil was better than that of feldspathic sandstone soil, and nutrient contents were mainly affected by vegetation restoration types. ② The soil indexes in the study area were of medium variation, in which the contents of soil moisture, carbon and nitrogen increased gradually with the increase of soil thickness from north to south, while the distribution of phosphorus was opposite. ③ Compared with natural grassland, the restoration of Hippophae rhamnoides and Pinus tabuliformis has the best effect on improving the content of soil carbon and nitrogen in feldspathic sandstone area. The content of soil organic matter increased by 43.12% and 34.27%, total nitrogen increased by 78.95% and 42.11%, ammonium nitrogen increased by 25.64% and 46.15%, and nitrate nitrogen increased by 69.44% and 42.22%, respectively. Among them, the content of soil moisture under the restoration of Pinus tabuliformis was higher than that of natural grassland by 54.55%, but the soil phosphorus level did not increase after artificial vegetation restoration. [Conclusion] Loess has better water-holding capacity than feldspathic sandstone soil, and the interface between the two has a certain barrier effect on the infiltration of water and the upward loss of water in the lower layer. Therefore, the water-storage and water-retention capacity of the overlying soil can be considered in the improvement of soil moisture in feldspathic sandstone area. During the restoration of artificial vegetation, it is recommended to plant Hippophae rhamnoides and Pinus tabuliformis, which can improve the soil moisture, carbon, and nitrogen content, as they have better water and fertilizer retention capacity.