[Objective] The influence of topographical factors on land use pattern and spatial structure characteristics was explored in order to provide a scientific reference basis for the planning and decision-making of land development and utilization in Dashanbao area. [Methods] Terrain gradient analysis method and fractal theory were used to explore the terrain gradient effect and spatial structure characteristics of land use. [Results] ① There were significant differences in the spatial distribution patterns of various land use types in Dashanbao area at different altitudes, slopes and topographic index. ② The topographic index range of the dominant distribution of cultivated land, construction land and water area were all 0.26～0.53, forest land was 0.53～1.21, grassland was 0.44～0.60, unused land was 0.26～0.53 and 0.71～1.21. ③ The comprehensive land use intensity index and the land use diversity index gradually decreased from 234.75 and 0.82 to 218.49 and 0.63 respectively with the increase of altitude and slope, and then increased to 221.02 and 0.67 respectively, and the both decreased first and then increased with the increase of altitude and slope. ④ The fractal characteristics of the distribution of each category were obvious, and the fractal dimension was between 1.191 1～1.6 688. The stability of each category was in the order of forest land (0.308 9)＞ construction land (0.282 8)＞ cultivated land (0.264 1)＞ unused land (0.199 7) ＞ water (0.168 8)＞ grass (0.135 1). [Conclusion] The land use pattern and spatial structure characteristics of Dashanbao area are significantly affected by topographic factors, and the characteristics of topographic gradient are obvious.