[Objective] The variation characteristics of various nutrient indexes in different types of soil in different soil layer after the application of harmless domestic sewage in the hilly area of central Sichuan Province were determined in order to provide scientific support for the harmless treatment and resource utilization of rural domestic sewage. [Methods] Rural domestic sewage treated by a three-grid septic tank was used for resource utilization. Three application treatments 〔G₁(37.5 L/m²)， G₂(75 L/m²), and G₃ (blank)〕 were applied to farmland; four application treatments 〔L₁ (37.5 L/m²), L₂ (75 L/m²), L₃ (112.5 L/m²), and L₀ (blank)〕 were applied to the forest land. The weight of each nutrient index was calculated by combining analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and principal component analysis (PCA), and the application effect of each scheme in different soil layers was comprehensively evaluated. [Results] ① Under the different resource utilization treatments of domestic sewage, except for L₃, the soil nutrient evaluation grade was “good”, and the domestic sewage utilization scheme was “excellent”. ② Under each treatment, soil nutrient evaluation scores at different depths of farmland followed the order of G₁＞G₀＞G₂. The scores for the 0-20 cm soil layer at forest land followed the order of L₀＞L₂＞L₁＞L₃. The scores for the 20-40 cm soil layer in forest land followed the order of L₁＞L₀＞L₂＞L₃. ③ Farmland has obvious effects on improving soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, and available potassium. Under small application amounts, forest land had a better effect on increasing soil nutrients (other than available potassium) in the 20-40 cm layer. [Conclusion] In the short term, under the resource utilization of rural domestic sewage, an appropriate application amount could improve the nutrient status of farmland soil, and it could be better maintained for forest land without applying soil nutrients.