[Objective] The effect of carbon storage under the transition of the productional-living-ecological space was systematically analyzed in order to optimize the spatial layout and increase the carbon sequestration capacity of the Guangxi border area ecosystem so that the strategic goal of “carbon neutrality” could be achieved in China. [Methods] This study used a land change dynamic attitude model and land use transfer matrix to describe the spatial distribution pattern and transformation characteristics of the productional-living-ecologyical space along the Guangxi border. Based on the InVEST model and the contribution rate of productional-living-ecologyical space carbon storage, the spatio-temporal variation of carbon storage and the impact of the productional-living-ecologyical space transition on carbon storage in the border area during 1990—2020 were determined. [Results] ① From 1990 to 2020, the border area was dominated by green ecological space, supplemented by agricultural production space and water ecological space, with a distribution pattern of “high in the north and south regions, and low in the central region”. ② During the study period, the transition of the productional-living-ecological space in the border area showed a stable development in the early stage, fluctuating development in the middle stage, and drastic development in the late stage. Except for the ecological space of the water area, the change of dynamic attitude in other areas was most significant from 2010 to 2020. ③ From 1990 to 2020, overall carbon storage in the border area showed a continuous decline over time, with a small change in the early and middle stages, and a profound change in the late stage. In the past 40 years, a total of 4.13×10⁶ t of carbon storage has been lost. The conversion of green ecological space and agricultural production space dominated the change of carbon storage in the Guangxi border area. [Conclusion] It will be necessary to adjust and optimize the land use structure of regional productional-ecological space, promote the integration of productioal-ecological space, and strengthen the regulation of space use with the goal of “carbon neutrality” so as to accurately guarantee improvement of regional carbon storage resources.