[Objective] The change characteristics and influencing factors of vegetation coverage and its spatial distribution in the Binchang mining area were analyzed, and the ecological status of the mining area was evaluated in order to provide a scientific reference and theoretical basis for reclamation and ecological restoration of the mining area. [Methods] Landsat Surface Reflectance Tier 1 data (30 m resolution) from 1986 to 2021 were obtained from the Google Earth Engine cloud platform. Based on a pixel binary model, the trend analysis method and F-test were used to quantitatively analyze the temporal and spatial variation of vegetation coverage in the Binchang mining area over many years. Geodetector was used to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation coverage. [Results] ① Vegetation coverage in the Binchang mining area increased from 1986 to 2021, and the overall growth trend was good (average growth rate of 0.64%/a). The average multi-year vegetation coverage in the study area was relatively high, with the area of medium coverage and greater accounting for 87.14% of the total area. The spatial distribution was characterized as "higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest". ② In terms of the change trend of vegetation coverage, the study area was dominated by significantly improved areas, accounting for 56.65% of the total area. However, there were still some areas with significant vegetation degradation, mainly concentrated in the area near urban river roads. ③ The factors influencing vegetation coverage followed the order of slope > elevation > annual precipitation > GDP> population density > annual average temperature > vegetation type > soil type. The interaction between slope and annual precipitation had the strongest influence on the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation coverage. [Conclusion] From 1986 to 2021, the vegetation coverage in the Binchang mining area was good, showing a significant growth trend as a whole, and the vegetation improvement was obvious. The dominant factor affecting the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation coverage in the study area was slope.