[Objective] The disturbance effects of accessory facilities of high-grade highways were revealed at different heights in windy and sandy areas on the passing sand flow, the degree of sand deposition on the road surface was explored under the influence of different heights and highway facilities, in order to provide theoretical basis for the design of highway engineering and the formulation of protective measures for sand crossing highways. [Methods] The computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation method was used for the analysis, and an ordinary highway was used as a control. The findings regarding the impact of highway structures and different roadbed heights on roadbed transit airflow and the resulting formation of deceleration zones on the highway were validated against field-measured data. [Results] The varying heights of roadbeds resulted in different changes in horizontal airflow velocity. When the height of the roadbed ranged from 1 m to 2 m, the airflow disturbance was relatively weak, thereby facilitating the transport of sand across the highway. In contrast, when the height of the roadbed reached 3 m, the airflow disturbance became stronger, and hindered the transport of sand across the highway. When the airflow traversed the guardrail and the central barrier, it flowed beneath the guardrail, resulting in an increase in wind speed. The distance at which the maximum wind speed occurred on the leeward side of the guardrail initially increased and then decreased with increasing elevation of the roadbed. Specifically, at roadbed heights of 0 m, 1 m, 2 m, and 3 m, the distances at which the maximum wind speed occurred were measured to be 10 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm, and 20 cm, respectively. Subsequently, the airflow combined with the upper layer on the leeward side of the guardrail, resulting in continuous diffusion of the tail flow. This led to the formation of a deceleration zone where the transit airflow weakened. As a result, sand particles began to be deposited, resulting in a maximum height of sand accumulation of 11.5 cm. The width of sand accumulation ranged between 4.0 m and 4.5 m. [Conclusion] The height of the roadbed and the presence of road structures were identified as the primary factors contributing to sand damage along highways. Roadbed height had a significant impact on the wind speed above it. The installation of guardrails and anti-glare nets can create a low wind zone on the leeward side of the structures, resulting in sand accumulation on the highway that can pose potential hazards.