[Objective] To study the characteristics of vertical changes in soil C, N and P contents and their ecological stoichiometry in sand-fixing vegetation in arid zones. [Methods] Taking the flower stick community in the 1992 fly-seeded afforestation area at the northeastern edge of the Tengger Desert as the research object, and using the soil under the native vegetation of Artemisia oleifera thickets and the quicksand land without vegetation restoration measures as the control (CK), we analyzed the vertical change patterns of the content of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) in the depths of 0-200cm and their stoichiometric characteristics in the flower stick community. [Results] (1) The soil SOC, TN and TP contents of the flower stick community were increased by 73.2%, 50% and 145.5%, respectively, compared with that of the non-flight-seeded quicksand land in more than 30 years of fly-seeding. The SOC and TN contents of flower stick decreased with the increase of soil depth, and the TP content decreased slowly with the increase of soil depth, and the change was not obvious. (2) The C:P and N:P of flower stick soil decreased by 30.5% and 48%, and the C:N increased by 31.6% compared with bare sand. Flower stick C:P and N:P decreased with the increase of soil depth, and C:N showed a tendency of increasing first and then decreasing. The mean value of N:P content of flower stick soil (0-200 cm) was 0.13, which was much less than 14. [Conclusion] With the restoration of flower stick community vegetation, the accumulation of soil nutrients gradually increased. The growth of flower stick community was limited by N, and the limiting effect of N increased with the increase of soil depth. The mineralization rate of organic matter was low, and the decomposition rate of SOC was less than the accumulation rate. The soil environment and climate conditions in the study area were favorable to the accumulation of C in the flower stick soil. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for accurately assessing the influence of flower stick communities on soil nutrients in arid environments.