[Objective]Analyze the changes in soil properties and microbial community structure under different land use types in wetlands, and explore the characteristics of changes in soil carbon fixing microbial communities and functional genes under different land use types.[Methods]We uses high-throughput sequencing technology to sequence and analyze soil microbial communities and functional genes in Xianshan Lake National Wetland Park in Changxing, Zhejiang Province.[Results]The carbon sequestration capacity of Xianshan Lake wetland is as follows: sedge swamp>natural coastal forest>bamboo forest>nursery>artificially intervened riverbank forest (Chinese fir forest)>artificial pine forest>broad-leaved forest>artificially intervened coastal vegetation>artificially intervened riverbank forest (willow swamp)>reed marsh>reed and willow coastal vegetation. The organic carbon storage of sedge swamp is the highest (38.68 ±0.56 t/hm2), accounting for 171% of forest organic carbon storage, and its soil microbial carbon utilization efficiency (0.66±0.005) is 150% of bamboo forest microbial carbon utilization efficiency.The carbon sequestration pathways of microorganisms in the Xianshan Lake wetland are mainly through the Calvin cycle, reducing tricarboxylic acid cycle, and reducing acetyl CoA pathway, with Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexia as the main carbon sequestration microbial communities. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in the soil of sedge swamp is 56.40% and 17.40%, respectively. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in natural coastal forest soil is 59.60%, and the relative abundance of Acidobacteria in bamboo forest soil is 36.00%. There is a positive correlation between organic carbon storage and soil carbon fixing bacteria abundance in Xianshan Lake wetland.[Conclusion]In wetland ecosystems, changes in soil carbon sequestration microbial communities and functional genes under different land use patterns affect the carbon sequestration capacity of wetland microorganisms. This study helps to better understand the characteristics of soil carbon fixing microbial communities and functional gene changes, and has important guiding significance for small and micro ecological restoration and carbon sequestration.