Abstract:Harm from soil erosion in Shandong Province are seen mainly in theincrease of rate of flood to dryness, the lowering of soil fertility, thecoasening of texture, thinning of soil layer, the naking of bed rock, thesever deposition in reservior, river and lake, the frequent natural disasters like flood, water logging, wind and hail, ect., which makes the residents more poor. But the harness of small watershed produces goodresults that soil erosion is lighted, the benefit of ecological economyraised, soil fertility improved, farm yield raised, commodity production developed, and the multiple benefits of economy increased.

Abstract:Manmade unavailable action for economy is the major reason thatcauses sever soil loss in YiMon mountainous region. The principal harmand destruction of soil loss to ecological environment and economy construction is as follows, that land deteriorates, production yield decreases,deposition of river and reservior or pond affects the bonefit of engineering, ecological environment worsens, natural disasters occur frequently.To periorm soil and water conservation of YiMon mountainous regionwell should be in accordence with the ecological economy princiles, thatthe first is to uphold entirty of the system, taking the small watershedas a unit to harness soil loss of YiMon mountainous region comprehensively, the second is to insist on the principle of structure, regulating agricultural arrangement rationally, and the third is to persevere the principle of correlation, making prevention and protection when working onharness.

Abstract:In this paper, a series of questions such as the natural feature of theagriclutural modernization, the problem of the industrial modern agriculture, the general trend of the world in agricultural modernization, therisen abruptly substituting agriculture,the special requirment of the agricultural modernization in China are analysed. It is inquired about thehistory condition of the risen abruptly ecological agriculture, the basiccondition of China, ecologic rule, economic rule, systematic rule, therule of structurefunction relationship as well as the modern scientifictheory, etc. .The connotative feature, basic task and some direct experience of the ecological agriculture of China are also discussed. Furthermore,some principal rule and suggests to build and develop ecologic agriculture, to realize agricultural modernization of China are advanced.

Abstract:In many district the funds for soil conservation losses greatly in recent years, The major tossing channals are these, one is "direct flow" or open catching，another is "returning flow" or curve misappropriation, the third one is "latent flow" or swin ?dle, It is said that the method to control the "three flow" is that, 1。to check the management and use of the funds completely and seriously] 2 .to deal with the mat ter of misappropriating, catching, corrupting and wasting as well as the concerned persons seriously， 3 .to reform the allocation, management and use system of the fundss 4 .to reinforce propaganda and teaching to enhance the consciousness of the cadre at various levels, then the funds for soil conservation could be well managed and used.

Abstract:The paper discussed about the types and characteristics of soil erosionin the control area of a reservoir for the first time. It gaves out fourpoints of soil and water conservation in the control area of reservoir inaccordence with the types and characteristics as follows, 1. changing steepslope into gental, lifting up the drop datum in part of the area;2.plantingtrees and grasses to accelerate the speed of covering the area;3.improvingthe farming way to avoid the soil erosion in the three months of July,August and September;4. controlling the soil loss around reservoir. Thebasic data is obtained from field survey and measure on the topographymap in 1/10000.

Abstract:The types of debris flows of Ganluo county in great part belong to thedebris flow of storm, it could be divided into gullytyped and slopetypeddebris according to the conditions, the stonedebris and the muddebrisaccording to the composing matter, and the thin, the silt and the interimdebris according to the characters of the flowing.The preventive measuressuggested are to construct checkdam for partial harness, to avoid debrisflow and to drege channels, consolidate engineerings and raise the saftycoefficients.

Abstract:The experiment on forest culture density of Robinia pseudoacacia,Hippophae Rhamnoides, Lespedeza bicolor, Caragana microphylla and Caragana korshinskii in the semiarid area showed that the high yield may beobtained for R. pseudoacacia with density 1×1m,if the rainfall is normal,the period of high yield with such density will last. The suitable donsityof crop for H.rhamnoides is 1×1m and 1×1.5m .The density 0.3×1m is rightfor L. bicolor before 4 years,after 5 years it depends on rainfall.C. microphylla branches out more,so the density 0.5×1.5m is suitable,while C. korshinskii ramifies less,the yield with density (seeding in lines×1.5m) ishigher than 0.5×1.5m,and its plants grow better.

Abstract:The research of soil erosion type is the basis of studying soil loss. Inthis paper,we discussed the interpreting program, approach and mark byaerial color infrared photo for the soil erosion types. According to theimage features and their interrelating rule, qualitive and fixedposition research of soil erosion types can be done on aerial color infraredphoto. The zone distribution of the different scale erosion types may berecognized on aerial color infrared photo. The remote sensing techniquesof aerial color infrared photography have potential application value in soilerosion investigating and mapping.

Abstract:Australia has a 200yearslong history, the period of soil loss is not longer. As itdevelops that largetype farm machine is used, mining is on, international marketneeds more products from farm and husbandry, it causes excessive cut to trees, excessive reclaime and grazing, which devastates the natural plantation of good quality,besides these frequent storms result in the occurrences and development of soil loss.Having seen the changes, authorities at all levels and scientist of Australia pay muchattention to soil conservation. Branches related promulgates various stern regulationsone by one, establishing permanent organizations with special person in responsibility. They harness soil loss steadfastly with rich and varied measures, advanced experiment method and outstanding management. All serves production, stressing practical results.

Abstract:The Chines alpine rush, being with a 35cm long commonly or even 100long root, grows thickly. It has strong ability to anchor soil and to reserve water, being a good grass for soil and water conservation. It isthought that if the steep slope of 25° has been grown with the grass for 2years the soil loss on it could be controlled in great extent. The development of the grass is characterized with little investment, early benefit,easy management and low cost for production. The ways to reproduceare bagmethod and seedplant, the bagmethod is limited in number, so,the reproduction of the grass for large area could be completed withtransplant of seedplant.

Abstract:Lucerne (Medicago sativa L,)is praised as the vanguard for soil conservation and the crown of her bage and noticed widely as it has good nature, the first is that it has strong ability to conserve soil and water with deep roots and exuberant leaves, and could be grown in every season, it is also thought as the best honey plants the second is that it has rich nutrients and good eatability, so,domestic animals like to eat it particularly the third is its fast growing, having much nodule bacteria, containning rich nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, and being the plant for green manure in good-nature， its fresh and beautiful flower is its forth character, it is planted as the wonderful flower for green environment, It is suggested to raise the position of Lucerne in use and to let it play its rule it has in the development of agriculture, forestry, husbandry, sideline production and fishery.