Abstract:On the occassion of celebrating the fortieth anniversary of foun- ding new China the NISWC has obtained greater advancement and signi- ficant results in many subjects during only thirty years,such as soil,cro- sion rule and its prediction and forecasting,the evaluation and reasonable utilization of soil and land resources,the theory and technics to recover vegetation,the system and base to increase yield in dry land farming,the comprehensive harness of soil and water loss,etc.The paper epitomizes the recent state of each research work in six sections.

Abstract:For the forty years since the establishment of new China great achie- vements of soil and water conservation in Shaanxi Province have been obtained,which is focused in the country and abroad with attention.Ba- sed on the collection and sorting out of the current data,the paper in- dicates the achievements in ten aspects,including the construction in Loess Plateau,comprehensive harness for small catchment,capital construction of farmland,desert control,damming for deposition of farmland,green- ing of deserted hill and slope,exploitation and utilization of resources, techniques in dryland farming,formulation of technical standard and popularization of scientific research results,with large number of facts and values.

Abstract:The water energy resources contained in the areas of Jinsha River, Yalong River and Dadu River of Sichuan Province hold a safe lead and have absolute predominance in the world in either total amount and the average value,and it is thought as the most on the earth,besides these there are mutual conveyance of natural resources among mining,farming, forestry and husbandry,etc..Now the golden delta is still a virgin land to be reclaimed,various resources of water energy,mining and ecology are sunk in sleep.To open the treasure house of resources and to realise the vigorous development of economy in the partial watershed of Sichuan Province or even the whole watershed of Yangtze River,it is needed to catch the key that is to exploit the water energy of the rivers.It is sug- gested:first,to summarize the historical experiences and to take the un- fliching development of water energy in Sichuan Province in priority as the guide policy;secondly,to prepare strongly for the comprehensive exploitation with the greatest effort and all the measures available;third- ly,to reform the system of electricity management,to expand the exten- tion“to support electricity with electricity”,and to soften the policy in introduction of foreign funds.It is said that,only in this way,the ex- ploitation of water energy resource of the three rivers could be accelarat- ed in large scale,realizing the virtuous circulation in ecology.

Abstract:The grievous gravitational erosion on Loess Plateau is the major ero- sion type of the region.The paper,with the quantitative geornorpholo- gical method,having analysed the topographical factor in gravitational erosion,raised the concept of topographical factor value,worked out the isograms of regional height facing vacancy for the area and the topogra- phy factor,proposed topographical index of gravitational erosion strength under different combining condition of lithology,it also explores the re- gional nature of gravitational erosion strength.

Abstract:The level analysis is the modern and new method to analyse and dia- gnose a system,which is a combination of qualification with quantifi- cation.When analysing Beihe small watershed systematically we cluster and group all the factors and establish models of level analysis.The ana- lysing results show that the effecting extent of nine factors to environ- ment worsenning of the watershed,soil and water loss and poorness of economy could be lined as,condition of land utilizationsoil texture climatic conditionvegetation conditionanimal resourceresoure of labour powerculture and educationgeomorphorlogical typegeological tectonic.Thus,it is suggested,firstly,to adjust the proporiton of lands for farming,forestry,husbandry and sideline production,to improve soil structure and raise land productivity,meanwhile,to construct ins- tallations of water conservancy,to accelarate greening and to enlarge vegetation when drawing up harnessing plan.

Abstract:In this paper,according to the foreign and native results published in recent years,the study and development of energy forest in the world was introduced on the firewood consumption and development of energy forest,biological basis,genetic improvement,use of wood energy.In the end,the energy forestry was appraised.

Abstract:The chinese apline rush(Eulaliopsis binata),a perenial herb,is very valuable to be developed and used.According to the present status,the paper predicts its potentiality and future for development and proposes some practical methods to support its production.

Abstract:Through the exchange of ideas in group discussions,the representa- tives advance many new opinions,methods and measures to the problems met in soil and water conservation and the mountain exploitation:Firstly, the mountain exploitation occupies an important position of strategy in the construction of the national economy;Secondly,the soil and water conservation is the base to develop mountainous region;Thirdly,the stra- tegic thought to exploit mountain area is to protect,develop and utilize the natural resources,and to overcome poverty and get rich on the base of soil loss control,which is made mainly through construction of com- modity base,development of diversified economy,and the self-supporting of grain in macroscopic scale;Forthly it is to raise the scientific level of soil and water conservation with new methods and measures.The repre- sentatives suggest that: 1.the Planning Committee of the country should list the soil and water conservation into the planning index of national economy; 2.the organization and system should be amplified to ensure the implement of basic policy; 3.the soil and water conservation funds should be from multiple channals in order to increase the activity of soil and water conservation; 4.the scientific research work should be strengthened.