Abstract:The development of gully slope land is now a prectical way to enlarage the living space,relax land shortage，and also the base of development of agricultural economy today, which could only be practiced successfully after the improvement of both eco-environment and agricultural production conditions. Taking Wangdonggou experiment area as an example, the paper has discussed soil and water conservation and basic agriculture construction device，including five subprograms of road，water, farm land，orchard，and forestry systems.

Abstract:he work of soil and water conservation has been organically combined together with economy development in Wangdonggou gully slope experimental area. The masses are mobilized to develope energetically the entire natural resources environment of the area by market economy mechanism while protecting and improving natural resoures environment so that masses have steped on rich road. The area has become local advanced model.

Abstract:Land use planning is an essential step for conducting of reasonable land utilization, It is based on the principals of landscapeecology and land-economics, such as land fertility，the law of increasing returns and the limitation of resources, ete. According the natural and social-economical conditions of Wangdonggou watershed, the following key points should be considered in land use planning during "the eighth five year plan"(1 )to maintain relative stable cropping land。(2)to expand area of fruit trees appropiatelyi(3)to improve existing woodlands and to increase in terms of area and benefits(4)primary productivety of grass land should be raised，(5)to control housing activities in good land.

Abstract:The loess Yuan region is located in the south of loess plateau. The half-moist climatic condition of warm temperature zone and the deep loess provide more supeior natural condition for plant growth. In the historical process the smooth yuan surface has been corroded-The area of gully is about 50-70 per cent of the total land area,and it is possessed of large productive potential. In order to develope the land resources in gully-slope,at first,we should fully utilize the gentle slope land which has been levelled and devote major efforts to develope fruit tree of park that take apple as the dominant factor. The second,we should increased proportion of economic forest and commercial forest and resolve.The problem of low output value and single tree species. The third,by use of clear-cutting,root-shooting regenerative technique, The protective forest of the Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)which yield is low will be transformed into the fast-growing, high-yielded forest. At last，we should suitably develope forage forest and put resources of forage growing wordsunder the forest to use rationally to resolve the contradictory between forestry and animal husbanedry.

Abstract:Yield potential of nature. precipitation and effect of water and fertilizer for spring corn growth had been studied by means of field experiment and statistical analysis. Results show that the yield potential was 603. 6kg per mu and the potential coefficient was 1. O,which indicated that the water amount was enough to meet the requirement of the corn in abundant rain year,Improving soil fertility is the first measure to increase the spring corn yield and water efficiency at present. However ,increasing water supply will reduce water efficiency but not the yield.

Abstract:In this paper,with alfalfa planted at changwu agri-ecology experimental station as an example, according to the formative mechanism of the pasture yield,the potential productivity of the artificial sown pasture and the livestock carrying capacity have been calculated on the basis of a series of experimental datum. And the effective coefficient of each ecological factors which effect pasture yield is quantified. Then the measures are pointed out for improving the pasture yield and livestock carrying capacity.

Abstract:Gully region of loess plateau is the centre of locust plistribution in China. The climate and soil condition are suitable for locust growth in the region，but its growth quantity in distinct with different topography.Locust growfh pattern in Wangdong gully have been analysed ecologically，indicating the followings. (1)In different habitat，the most important factor leading to difference of stand condition is water condition.(2) The mainfactor affecting locust growth were solpe location and-slope position. (3 )According to the soil water condition in different topographical location,the authors suggest some forms of replace and transform locast plantation,in steep sun-slope locust plantation which growth stagnated should be transform，and cultivate higher-growing plantation should centre on middle gully and lower location where the terrain slopes gentle.

Abstract:Land patch is a agricultural-landscape unit which has relative uniform phisical and socia-economic features and utility direction. The patch-structure pattern is a historical product and represents theregional character. Land patch map can be used as the base of thematic series mapping and GIS. In this paper, thd related topics, sudch as thd contents, stability, basic principles and means of land patch map are discussed，according to the results from a case study in Changwu experimental and demonstritive area of Loess plateau.

Abstract:Benefit of shelterbelt and its influence on crop yields in west region of Weibei loess plateau was studied in this paper。The results showed that the shelteibelt was able to weaken wind speed by 22. 2Yo in spring. The best defensive effect place was for from the tree in a distance about 3^"7 times of the tree height. The microlimatic conditions were improved on both sides of windbreak，so that wheat yield in the fields among the shelterbelts was increased by 11%~22 0 o ,and the corn by 1.5%-14.4% on protected zone The side effects of windbreak was also disscussed. The reason of reduction of output in belts was mainly that the roots.. of the tree competed soil water with crops and the crowrn produced sunshade.

Abstract:In this paper,the deep-ditch manuring method in arid farming apple orchard was evaluated on its function of apple tree growth,soil physical properties,and soil water conditions etc. ,and some suggestions were made for popularizing the method to arid farming orchards.

Abstract:In this paper,inethod of deep-ditch manuring in arid farming apple orchard was evaluated. Deep-ditch manuring method possessed the action improving nutrient condition around root system. The soil pH was reduced. The decomposition and the utilization of soil nitrogon and organic matter were accelerated. Particularly, efficiency of phosphate fertilization was improved remarkablely. A so-called fertilizer reservoir around root system was formed. Finally ,some suggestions were recommended for .fruit production.

Abstract:On the basis of analysis and contrast,lt was showed that efficiency of phosphorus fertilization was very good but that of nitrogen fertilizer was limited in the worst drought years,which is completely different from that of general years. The unusual property of fertilization effect upon winter wheat closely related to N and P specific physiology characteristics and mechanism of N and P absorption.

Abstract:After studied a great deal of experimental data,the writers pointed out that the soil moisture is related very well with the yield of winter wheat in the south of Loess Plateau and the best relation coefficient is 0. 960. On the basis of this the graph of soil moisture-winter wheat yield relation under the different fertilizer style or level had been obtained.This graph may be used for the general trend forecast of winter wheat yield and reference in setting up the mathematical model.

Abstract:For the. reason that there are. too mang people and less farm land，too much vallay slope and less yuan surface in Changwu county，the contradictary between production of grain crope and tobacco and that of apple if apple. orchard grows on yuan surface According to a successful experience in Wangdongou experiment area of the county,the authors suggest to plant apple orchard mainly on valley slope instead of on yuan surface. Because the ecological condition of valley slope is more suitable for apple tree growth.

Abstract:According to soil column simulation experiment growing with spring corn under different water content,the relationship between soil water concentration and corn leaf area, height, root dencity was studied seperately qualitatively and quantitatively. And also, that between nondimensinal soil humidity and both ralative biomass and yield as well as between water efficiency and its consumption was disscussed in the paper.

Abstract:By analysed the climate data in Chang-wu plateau,we found that 1991 is the most serious dry year in near sixty years,we also made a yield forecast of winter wheat in the different earth condition with soil moisture-precipitation in growth period yield model，the conclusion is: the highest yield of winter wheat is 150kg/mu，the lowest yield is 100kg/mu,The yield will reduce 55%-70% next year than the year of high yield.

Abstract:A long-term experiment was used to investigate the effects of fertilizers and fertilization on both soil nutrients and crop yield of winter wheat grown in dry highland from 1984 to 1992. The trial treatments was as follows,CK,M，N,P,NP and NPM. Results showed that crop yield was increased stably under the treatment of long-term applying manure (M),nitrogen and phosphours (NP) and NPM fertilizer with a range. from 49.4%to 141.6%. The most significant effect of the treatments on yield increase was NPM. The rate of yield increase was 75% and 50% for N and Papplication respectively. Contents of soil organic matter,total N,available N and P went up after M and NPM fertilization. However,use of N and p individually could only inlarge the amount of the relevent element in soil,but not the organic matter,It is suggested to use NPM mixture in agricultural production pratice and to apply NP mixfure when manure is shortage,which can assure to achieve the aim of high yield and fertile soil.

Abstract:During the process to continue and perfect the established model to exploit gully slope in the seventh five year plane. The key target is to transformation regular agriculture to high productivity, guality,and efficiency agriculture in the eighth five year plane. Initial results have been achived in exploitation and utilization of water and soil resources and fundmental reconstruction to conserve soil and water losses. Farmers living standard and educational level has beenraised as the results of development of agriculure and animal husbardry. At present,the experimental area of Wangdong has set an advanced example to develop agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in the local area.

Abstract:In japan,there are laws and regulations to develope mountain areas,which is funded mainly by the goverment. A set of highly effective experiences has been gained in developing specializd production, amplifying social service system，and training people for the construction of mountain areas in Japan. All of these experiences can be used as reference by China goverment in the aspects of police making ,funding,marketing,social service,peopie training and so on to comprehensively develope and harness the loess plateau.

Abstract:Japanese Agricultural Association,a service organization closely related to the production and living of farmers in Japan，has made no small contribution to the development of national economy, especially to the agricultural production. The Japanese Agricultural Association has set an example to perfect service system of agricultural technique with Chinese characteristics in China