Abstract:In this article.the author disscussed that the variability of soil erosion intensity on the loess plateau is very large,sometimes is very strong·and sometimes is very light in the endless geology periods firstly. Baased on the Ziwuling example which soil erosion intensity from strong to light·and many soil and water conservation comperihensive harness advanced modeds .it is explained that soil erosion of the loess plateau can be harnessed totally. So only by soil and water conservation is it the major fundamental measure of bring the yellow River water damage under permanent and bring about agricuture sustainable development of this region.

Abstract:Based on the practice on scientific research of soil and water conservation for more than 20 years the basic thoughts carrying out scientific research of soil and water conservation have been put forward,it produces soil and water loss as the rainfall with some intensity fall on the slop land without covering. Building vegetation,soil and water conservation tillage,engneering measures of soil },nd ester conservation,or these measures comprehensive joining one another,or optimum deposition of comprehensive measrues,make rainfall not fall on the slop land directly,or make rainfall fall on plate so as to control soil and water loss. At the same time,based on this basic thoughts,the main measures,content and technical methods,carrying out the scientific research about soil and water conservation,put forward.

Abstract:Based on statistical analysis of observed data of experiment of water and soil runoff plots at Xifeng soil and water conservation station from 1964 to 1980,it is proved that there is a very close corelation (y=aH^b )between individual rain fall erosive modulus and depth of runoff,which is a power funetion. The unit individual runoff depth (KW )was as soil anti-scour index which was used to evaluate the faetors affecting soil anti-scourability.

Abstract:Based on typical survey,this paper analyses systematicly that a notable ecological ,economic ,social benefits has been gained conservation. harnessed small watershed, and that the available policy about the input into water and soil conversation.It is pointed out that comprehensive harnessment of small watershed is a fundamental approach to attain beautifying ecological enviroment and shaking off poverty and achieving prosperity for the mountain areas,and that practical and feasible input policy favours mobilizing the enthusiasm of the masses fully gaining comprehensive benefits of water and soil conservation.

Abstract:From the view of the soil erosion,the basic geomorphic characters in Fujian Province are analysed. The effects of the characters the rain erosivity,soil erosion modulus and soil erosion forms have been discussed. The prohibited 25 slope has also landscapes population and it is been discussed. Finally, the paper concerns the characters of soil erosion under various pointed that small basin hills with the black mica (r⁵) and purple shale (k2ch) and high density are weak ecological zone and severe soil erosion in the province.

Abstract:The small watershed is the complexed gigantic system out of the sub-systems of ecology , economy and sociey,the harness of the small watershe is in fact a coordinating to the three sub一systems. Analysing the nature and characters of small watershed and its harness from the point of philosorphy it is thought that not only the linear,inner,standard,balance,gradual advancement,stable,transparent , definition,precise and qualitative nature should be studied ,but also the composition ,structure and function as well as the evolving process and the factors affecting the benefit from harness of small watershed be examined,thus the opposite of the small watershed and its harness be understood,which would provide correct methodology to recognize the factors of small watershed and their relations from each other,to master the laws of development of the whole system and formulate reasonable plan and strategy to harness small watershed.

Abstract:The dynamic changes of coil water and l,m,"s of water consumption in the field growth wheat with four different till:,ge method were .imulated by the linear regression equation model in arid plain land .lay the linear equation the dynamic change, of soil water are divided into }f stays and the different tillages of wheat have different consuming water amount in the same stage abviosely. The sequence of the water consumption of wheat in whole growth period are as follow,:ridge tillage with stubbe mulch >conservational tillage with stubbe mulch>conservational tillage>ridge. At the same time，the relationship between wheat yield and water consumption amount in earlier growth period is bigger than that in the latter period .the consuming water amount of ridge tillage in earlier stage is bigger than of the conscrvational tillage .and the increasing-yield effect of ridge tillage is responsive to the latter stage of wheat. In order to avoid the consuming water of earlier stage.the ridge tillage should cooperated with stubbe mulch.

Abstract:The implication of agroforestry was expounded first in this paper,and then several models of agroforestry on the Loess Plateau were introduced along with their eco一economic benefits. Some problems about practising agroforestry on the Loess Plateau were approached last. In view of the situation of harnessing the Loess Plateau，it was considered that agroforestry is a main channel for harnessing the region and developing its economy.and should be regarded as important technical measures;the research on agroforestry is significant in theory and practice.

Abstract:Based on the many year observation on 12 field experimental plots under physical rainfall in Tongcheng county station of soil and water conservation，Hubei province，the influence of different tillage measures on soil and water loss in red soil slope field has been approached using the way of simulated rainfall. It was shown that:1. level tillage is a very good way for control soil and water loss;the amount of soil and water loss under vertical tillage is more bigger than that under level tillage;the differeme in the course of soil and water loss in slope field is not remarkable under normal rainfall or before rainstorm;2. corp rotation on level tillage field could improve physical and chemical properties of soil，and could conserve soil fertility to increase yield;but its influence on soil and water loss is not notable;3. level tillage measure is not only one of the measures for soil and water conservation .but also one that can achieve more benefits on the steep slope field.

Abstract:The situation and process of landslide of Nanyu have been described. Based on the internal and the externalcause of the landslide .its cause of formation have been analysed. It is indicated that the landslide in Nanyu.Zhouqu county, depends on an ancient landslide that was formed in brocken zone in faulting structure.New landslide formed within ancient one. Before it slided，there were four times of heavy and storm rainfalls，which isan important action of formation of inducing landslide. The volume of the landslide reached 8. 7 million m³. The landslide blocked up the Beilongjiang river for 8 hours. The S 313 highway in front of the landslide was destroyed in the range of 2 km. The traffic transport was stopped up to 40 days. Harmfullness caused is quite serious.

Abstract:The institutes of German universities not only are educational institutions，but also take many- research projects. The Soil Science and Soil Conservation Institute，belongs to Agriculture Department of Justus Liebig University,is an educational and sciectific researches arrangement .It has European characteristics nn the education-style and the research running mechanism.lts major direction of scientific reserchs are soil nutrient .soil physics,soil chemistry.soil and water conservation and environmental protection.l3ecause of its outstanding achievements in all of these areas .it occupies an impotant place in the field of soil science in Europe,especially in German.