Abstract:This paper gives a brief introduction to the soil and water conservation in Taiwan according to the survey from the mainland delegation. The survey of natural environment and soil and water loss,establishment and development of soil and water conservaiton organization，emphasis of work on soil and water conservation,teaching and scientific research about soil and water conservation as well as propagation and education of soil and water conservation have been diss cussed.

Abstract:This paper has discussed the situation and the reason of runoff and sediment changes,the benefits of reduction sediment by soil and water conservation and some influences of runoff and sediment changes. The paper has also put forward a tentative views about the problem which runoff and sediment changes should be made a further thorough re search in future.

Abstract:The dissertation utilizes the measured sandy soil values as a basis before the basin is sandcontrolled,and then by using these topological forecasts decides the theoretical sandy soil values during the basin is sandcontrolled. Comparing with values,we can get a new method to detect the basin decreased sandy soil benefit of its ground and its fields. By taking the Yanhe basin as an example and contrasting with both the waterandsoil conservative way hydrlogic way,we gain a satisfactory conclusion.

Abstract:The artical has discussed the possibility destroying ecological environment and especially leading to soil and water loss in the course of developing tourism on the mountains scenic spots and has directed against the specificity of Dan Xia landforms of Qi yun mountain and the constructive circumstance of the telpher, the author has advanced some countermeasures of prevention and cure.

Abstract:Based on located observation and field survey,the relationship between ecological conditions and growth of Rosa roxburghii Tratt is analysed. The system of cultivation technigue of Rosa roxburghii Tratt in the Hanzhong area was studied for six years,the results indicated that the growth and fruiting of Rosa roxburghii Tratt is clc}ely related to soil moisture content,temperature,fertilizer,excellent cultivars and cultivation technigue. In order to increase early fruiting and high yield.The cultivated measurement is suggested.

Abstract:Dry steppe area occupies quite big area in loessal plateau region of north China. The main characteristics of the area are droughty,windy and dusty,soil and water loss,abundant land and less people. The very urgent task is how to carried out comprehensive control of soil and water conservation taking small watershed as unit and How to make the masses to shift from poor to rich. However,there is no any successful method. The experiment of comprehensive con trol of soil and water conservation has been made in Dang Jiashui small watershed for five years. A very marked results suiting measures to local conditions and using flood and sand scientificly as well as developing colleet runoff agriculture have been achived. The experiment has provided new experience and method developing small comprehensive control of soil and water conservation in dry steppe area and explored a effective control model and way.

Abstract:With the agrotechnique of tillless, ridge and covering culture in arid farming field, the rice can become exempt from irrigation and yield well. Through this cultivation technique,a good soil structure can be formed and maitained. So that a great deal of natural precipitation can be efficiently conserved and utilized,which prevents loss of water and ero sion of soil. It is showed that this farming technique is available in irrigation of dry farmland and transformation of du alpurpose field,so as to save water,manure and labour.

Abstract:The situation,harmfulness and contributing factor of soil and water loss in Jiangxi province have been discussed in this paper. Being based on the diffrences of nature conditions and characteristics of soil and water loss and harnessrection in the province,all of the province is divided into seven areas of different types.The measures of prevention control of soil and water loss are put forward.

Abstract:The collapse of terracebank in South Shaanxi province,especially terracing on the slope with distribution of yellow cinnamon soil is serious. Generally,about 30%~40% percent of the terrace conseructed in the year will collapse or slide in the rainyseason in the next year. In some of places trial methods of conseructing terracebank such as retainingplank,adding sand to clay soil,woven plastic bags have been tested and proved to be little effect. The reason which terracebank is difficult to stabilize are as follows: 1. Higher clay ontents in soil and lower water drainge capacity; 2.Rich rainfall and high rainfall intensity; 3. Steep slope gradient，4. No vegetation measures to protect terracebank even distroing the ridge of terraced field;5. Poor construction quality of terracebank i 6. Imperfect water drainge system.It has been tetified by practie that no single measure can roughly solve the problem of collapse of terracebank in South Shaanxi province,and comprehensive harnessment is essential. It is an efficient way of controlling collapse of terracebank to establish comprehensive controlling system which focuses on water drainge and terracebank steadiness,combines slope control engineering with vegetation,combines harnessment with exploitation.

Abstract:The major cause that Hetian has become severe soil erosion area is that hilly regetation was destroyed by unreasonable human activity and which lead to plant community change in retrogressive suceession continuously. In order to recover regetation in Hetian erosion area and to impel sparse Pinus massonana community transfer in progression succession,hilly area should be closed at first and then broad leaf tree should be planted. So that coniferous and broad leaf mixed forest will be formed to improve enviroment slowly. After a slow process,a very stable vegetation type,that is broad leaf evergreen forest, will be successively formed.

Abstract:The profile distribution of the tier soil nonexchangeable potassium was characterized by following nonlinear equation:y=ae^bx(c+dcos2π(xe)/f).Premumarily toxonomic ciassmcation was carried out by use of the equation on which five profiles of tier soil was divided into three types. The part Tabled A in figure reflected changes of nonexchangeable potassium in the fimic cumulic epipeden or tieric process of the tier soil. The content of nonexchangeable potassium is high in cultivated orizon and lower with the increase of deepth in the soil profile,which is elated to the fimic cumulic process,plant uptake,potassium migration and eutrophlcation,and the other eco-environment factors. The results also indicated the synchronism and other space property between the exhaustion,accumulation of nonexchangeable pofassium and soil formation process with the participation of plants.

Abstract:The program introduced in this paper is compiled in Foxbase with simple and useful character. The program can automatically produce and correct monolayer and multilayer forms and has been applicated in the soil and water resources managment and research.