Abstract:The types of hillside flow, the scouring mechanism and evolution of the profile form are studied on the basis of turbulent mechanics and hillside hydrology theory. Some basic concepts of hillside dynamics and theoretical calculation method of hillside scouring are put forward. By the method, the scouring intensity can be estimated for naked or vegetation-covered surface from the formation causes. The works also provide a scientific base for designs of soil and water conservation projects and comprehensive control plan.

Abstract:Based on the experimental data for 4 years, the harness and utilization of various exposed gneiss slope land are discussed, and the suitable kinds of trees and the gully reclamation in the area which exposed slope land of gneiss is distributed widely are also discussed. The results show: The condition which is suitable to the growth of trees on the exposed slope land of biotite-amphibole-plagioclase-gneiss is the best of all, so it is suitable to develop the economic trees. The condition of exposed slop land of granite-gneiss is better, it can be used for soil and water conservation trees.The conditions of exposed slope land of gneiss-syenite is the worst of all, it can not be utilized directly, and should be set apart mountains for afforestation. Besides, the effect of the protection dam along the both sides of gullies is better than the sand-control dam across gullies in the gully reclamation.

Abstract:The area of granite occupies 67.3% of total land area in Deqing county of Guangdong province. Due to artificial and natural factors, this county has the most serious disintegration in Guangdong province. Based on the contributing factors, types and features of the disintegration, the guiding principles of disintegration control are to apply the coordination of engineering and biological measures, which is to use engineering techniques to arrest the immediate loss of soil, and to develop re-vegetation programs for long-term stabilization of the slopes. Great benefits of society, ecology and economy have been attained after it has been controlled since 1949, but the soil erosion (especially disintegration) is still very serious. Therefore, it must be controlled permanently. At the same time, some feasible proposals are presented for its controlling.

Abstract:Cultivated slope land is the most fragile area in rural eco-environment. The urgent need of slope land management at present is still to improve land productivity and control soil and water loss. Comprehensive measures for sustainable agricultural development on slope land in Yunnan province are formulated: (1) water tank; (2) alley cropping; (3) balanced fertilization and seedling culture.

Abstract:The goal of eco-agriculture construction in the hilly-gully regions of the loess plateau is definitely brought out through analyzing the local precondition and status in 1998. The investment for carrying out the goal is calculated on the basis of field work and study. The result showed that the investment of eco-agriculture construction in the hilly-gully regions of the loess plateau requires 3.287×10⁵/km² yuan， and among them, that of the local people and the country are 2.258×10⁵ and 1.029×10⁵ yuan separately.

Abstract:APPIA is a special software for unsaturated soil physical properties determination, and can rapidly analyze unsaturated soil water retention curve, and conductivity curve and provide with relative parameters. The mathematical and physical base of APPIA is analyzed and the results predicted by different method are compared. The result shows corrected unsaturated soil physical parameters can be got by APPIA. So the software of APPIA should be spreaded widely.

Abstract:A computer system, which was suitable for the acceptance of comprehensive control and benefits evaluation benefits of experimental watershed of soil and water conservation, was designed by modern information technology. It could make data processing and evaluation scientific and normal, and meantime create the entity base of watershed management. All these can provide comprehensive control of watershed in different regions with patterns. This management information system of experimental watershed can combine the entity base with acceptance and evaluation of experimental watershed, and directly provide the results of comprehensive rehabilitation and its benefits.

Abstract:Watershed management practice is depended on its purpose. Different resource requires different spatial and temporal extents for sustainable management. Due to the diversity of natural resources in a watershed, the purpose of watershed management can be divided into 4 patterns, thoseare conservation, restoring, utilization and landscape watershed. The dynamic property of a watershed management purpose and the relationship between measures and its benefit are analyzed.

Abstract:Landslide and debris flow are very harmful and wide-spread in South Gansu and South Shaanxi District, where is one of the key soil conservation districts in the upper reches of the Yangtze river. It is one of the four biggest districts of our country where landslide and debris flow are concentrate and frequent. Combined with mass measuring and preventing, Longnan first station has carried out some special field measures for landslide and debris flow forecast and warning since 1991. A new way in disaster prevention and reduction has been found based on the mass measuring and preventing. 114 　999 people have been protected and ￥1 　148 　115 property loss has been reduced because of having successfully forecasted and solved 92 landslides and debris flows. The rate of investment and profit is 1∶20.59. Thus stabilized life and production spirits of the masses in endangered and threatened areas. A successful way for disaster prevention and reduction of landslide and debris flow was searched out in South Gansu and South Shaanxi province.

Abstract:The types of small watersheds and its stands in Taihang mountainous area in Hebei province are divided. By comparing the benefits of economy and ecology with different control patterns under the same stands for different small watershed types, a series comprehensive control patterns are suggested, which suit for gneiss and limestone areas in Taihang mountainous area of Hebei province.

Abstract:There are pleasant weather, many historic sites and natural scenes in Jiangle county, Fujian province. It is an important way to establish the characteristic tourist for developing the local economy. For the serious soil and water loss, the frequent flood, the gradually eco-environment deteriorating and being short of money, the tourist economy is seriously restricted. It must enhance soil and water conservation and develop commodity economy combined with protecting natural resources in order to establish a good environment for the tourist industry of the county.

Abstract:With the development of economy and acceleration of urbanization, soil and water loss in urban area is becoming increasingly serious. Urban soil and water conservation and sustainable development have become new and important problems. Ganzhou city in Jiangxi province, one of the experimental cities of urban soil and water conservation in china, which soil and water loss represents the condition of broader sections at developing cities in the middle-west regions of China. The current state, characteristics and the original factors of urban soil and water loss, and development are analyzed, and some suggestions on soil and water conservation in Ganzhou city are presented from the aspect of regional sustainable development.

Abstract:Soil erosion and non-point source pollution are two serious environmental issues. Researches on how to predict and control these problems are discussed, The relationship between them is also stated. This is helpful to advance the research content of the field of soil and water conservation science.

Abstract:Soil and water conservation projects played an important role in reducing the damage caused by floods in the flood of “96.8”. At the same time, many problems in soil and water conservation exist in Handan prefecture were discovered. Based on analyzing the causes of water destruction, It is food that soil and water conservation, a comprehensive prevention and control system independent from forestry and water conservancy, was considered to play a very important role in harnessing the flood in river source areas permanently. Some suggestions to improve soil and water conservation for the future are presented from the aspect of comprehensive planning, technology measurement and management.