半干旱区人工林生长与水分生态研究
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“十五”国家科技攻关计划项目(2004BA508B16);中国科学院水土保持研究所知识创新领域前沿项目(SW04103);国家自然科学基金重点项目(30230290);国家林业局荒漠化监测专项资助


Study on Plant Growth and Water Ecology of Some Artif icial Forests in Sem-i arid Region of Loess Plateau
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    摘要:

    对黄土高原半干旱区5种主要造林树种生长状况及土壤水分变化规律进行了研究分析,比较了5种人工林的生长与水分适应性。结果表明:(1)不同人工林生长受坡向、坡位等立地因子影响;几种主要人工林总体生长水平,乔木林山杏>小叶杨,灌木林山桃>沙棘>柠条;(2)不同立地条件下,土壤含水率变化特点为阳坡<半阳坡<半阴坡;不同立地土壤含水率呈现出相同的变化趋势,即随坡位上升土壤水分呈下降趋势,0~200 cm为主要的水分利用层,200 cm以下土壤含水率均为逐渐上升,说明植物根系对水分的吸收在逐渐减弱;(3)不同人工林土壤平均含水率为8%左右,表现出土壤干旱的特点。不同人工林对土壤水分的利用可分为2种情况,山杏、沙棘和柠条,属于对水分利用强度大的树种,而小叶杨和山桃属于水分利用强度较低的树种,水分利用强度由大到小为:柠条>沙棘>山杏>小叶杨>山桃。

    Abstract:

    The growth and soil water status of five dominate forests in the sem-iarid region of Loess Plateau were studied. The analysis of the data show d that(1)the growth status of five dominate forests was: Prunus armeniaca> Pop ulus simonii;Prunus davidiana > Seabuckthorn > Caragana kor shinskii.(2) The analysis of different site types showed that soil water content among different site types was: sem-i shady> sem-isunny> sunny.Dif ferent slope directions had a similar changing trend. Soil water content descended with the rise of slope.Soil water content descended below 200 cm, which showed that root absorbing was decline. (3) The average soil water content of different artificial forests was about 8%,which showed the arid characteristic of soil. Totally speaking, soil water content of different artificial forests can be divided into two types. Prunus armeniaca,Seabuckthorn and Caragana korshinskii had a higher usage of soil water, but Pop ulus simonii and Prunus davidiana was lower. The strength of soil water usage was Car agana korshinskii > Seabuckthorn> Prunus armeniaca> Pop ulus simonii> Prunus davidiana.

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张益望,程积民,贺学礼.半干旱区人工林生长与水分生态研究[J].水土保持通报,2006,(3):18-22

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  • 收稿日期:2005-06-13
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-11-26
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