燕山北部山地典型植物群落水源涵养能力研究
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国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目“华北中山区高效水土保持林构建技术研究与示范”(2012BAD38B0605);林业公益性行业科研专项(200804027-07);河北省科技厅科技支撑项目(10236728)


Water Conservation Capacity of Typical Plant Communities in North Region of Yanshan Mountain
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    摘要:

    对燕山北部山地常[的几种植物群落类型的水源涵养能力进行了比较研究。结果表明,凋落物截留量在地上植被层总截留量中占有最大比例,地上植被的截留量由高到低的顺序为:人工落叶松林(4.39mm)>天然次生杨桦林(3.81mm)>榛子灌丛(1.70mm)>绣线菊灌丛(0.18mm);土壤最大持水量及总孔隙度都以榛子灌丛为最大,其次分别为天然次生杨桦林、人工落叶松林和绣线菊灌丛。土壤渗透速率以天然次生杨桦林为最大,榛子灌丛与人工落叶松林相近,绣线菊灌丛最低;群落水源涵养总量由高到低的顺序为:榛子灌丛(272.52mm)>天然次生白桦林(239.61mm)>人工落叶松林(221.53mm)>绣线菊灌丛(194.85mm)。地上植被层截留量在水源涵养总量中所占比例较小,但截留量不能完全说明其对水源涵养功能的影响。说明在燕山北部山地,天然次生杨桦林和榛子灌丛具有良好的水源涵养能力,绣线菊灌丛水源涵养能力较差,需采取合理措施对该地区大面积分布的绣线菊灌丛进行改造,以提高其水源涵养能力。

    Abstract:

    Water conservation capacity of the different plant communities were compared in north region of Yanshan mountain.The results showed that the interception by litter contributed most in the total interception of the aboveground layers.For total interception of aboveground vegetation layer,the plant communities were ranked in a descending order as follows: larch plantation(4.39 mm)natural secondary poplar and birch forest(3.81 mm)Corylus heterophylla shrub(1.7 mm)Spiraea pubescens shrub(0.18 mm).Both soil water holding capacity and total soil porosity of Corylus heterophylla shrub were the biggest,followed by natural secondary poplar and birch forest,larch plantation,and Spiraea pubescens shrub.In terms of soil infiltration,natural secondary poplar and birch forest had the highest rate,larch plantation and Corylus heterophylla shrub had similar intermediate rates,and Spiraea pubescens shrub had the lowest.The total amount of water conservation of the plant communites in a descending order was Corylus heterophylla shrub(272.52 mm)natural secondary poplar and birch forest(239.61 mm)larch plantation(221.53 mm)Spiraea pubescens shrub(194.85 mm).The amount of aboveground vegetation layer interception accounted only a very small portion of the total water conservation for all the communities,showing little importance in their overall water conservation capacity.It is concluded that Corylus heterophylla shrub and natural secondary poplar and birch forest are of critical values in water balance of the region,while the water conservation value of Spiraea pubescens shrub is low owing to frequent human and animal disturbances.As Spiraea pubescens shrub is widely distributed,some reasonable measures should be carried out to improve overall water conservation in this region.

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贾彦龙,许晴,许中旗,李倩茹,卢金平,黄选瑞.燕山北部山地典型植物群落水源涵养能力研究[J].水土保持通报,2012,(6):16-21

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  • 收稿日期:2011-11-16
  • 最后修改日期:2012-01-03
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-11-25
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