[Objective] The preparation method of superabsorbent compound by copolymerization of cellulose extracted from wheat bran with humic acid and its performance were studied in order to solve the existing problems of popular water retention agents, such as difficult to biodegrade, high cost, serious pollution, poor regeneration and others.[Methods] The composite superabsorbent compound was prepared for the first time using cellulose which was extracted from wheat bran by alkali method, with humic acid as an additive and acrylic acid as monomer by polymerization in this study. Its surface morphology and thermal stability were characterized respectively by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), thermal gravity analysis(TG). The effects of dosage on sodium hydroxide, initiator, crosslinking agent, cellulose and humic acid were investigated. Moreover, the effects of temperature, different kinds of crosslinking agents and regeneration properties were also discussed.[Results] The results indicated that:when 0.15 g of cellulose and 20 ml of acrylic were inputted, the cross-linking agent (N, N-methylene double acryl amide) would be 0.03% of acrylic, the initiator will be 0.8% of acrylic. When humic acid was 0.1 g, sodium hydroxide was 80%, the reactive temperature was 80℃, the maximum absorption rates of the superabsorbent to distilled water reached 989 g/g, to underground water and brine, the values were 120.34 g/g and 62.76 g/g.[Conclusion] The superabsorbent compound showed good thermal stability and renewable performance. In comparison with the similar products reported in relative references, it has better water absorbing properties, and could be popularized and applied in real life.